Runkurakay is one of the most fascinating archaeological sites on the classic 4-day Inca Trail. Located at 3,800 meters above sea level, this mysterious place served as a lookout post and strategic resting point for Inca travelers and messengers who traversed the Qhapaq Ñan. Its circular structure, unique compared to other Inca constructions, and its privileged location offer hikers an unforgettable experience on their journey toward Machu Picchu.
What is Runkurakay and Why is it Important?
Runkurakay, which means "the round house" in Quechua, is an archaeological complex composed of a circular structure surrounded by terraces and small auxiliary enclosures. This site is a prime example of how Inca architecture harmonized with the natural environment, adapting seamlessly to the mountain slopes.
It is believed that Runkurakay had military and ceremonial functions, as well as serving as a tambo or rest station for the chasquis (Inca messengers) and pilgrims traveling the Inca Trail. From this strategic location, the Incas could observe and control access routes into the cloud forest and lowlands.
History of Runkurakay
Built during the peak of the Inca Empire, Runkurakay was part of the road system that connected Cusco with major administrative, ceremonial, and agricultural centers. It showcases the Inca ability to construct settlements on difficult terrain, using the mountains as natural fortifications.
Its circular design, rare in Inca architecture, suggests a special meaning—possibly related to astronomical rituals or religious ceremonies. The Incas used Runkurakay as a transitional site where travelers could rest, make offerings, and prepare to continue toward Machu Picchu.
How to Get to Runkurakay
Runkurakay is located on the second day of the Classic Inca Trail, about halfway between the Pacaymayo campsite and the Runkurakay Pass, which rises to 3,950 meters above sea level.
- Via the Classic Inca Trail: Hikers reach Runkurakay after a challenging ascent from Pacaymayo, rewarded with breathtaking views of the site and surrounding valley.
Highlights of Runkurakay
Circular Architecture
The main structure at Runkurakay is a circular building, a rare feature in Inca design. This shape may have held symbolic meaning, related to harmony and spiritual connection.
Terraces and Viewpoints
Runkurakay is surrounded by terraces used for agriculture or erosion control. From here, visitors can enjoy spectacular views of the valley and nearby mountains.
Strategic Location
The site is strategically positioned to control the route toward the higher sections of the Inca Trail, indicating it also served a military function.
Natural Surroundings
Surrounded by cloud forest and mountains, Runkurakay offers a peaceful and serene atmosphere—perfect for reflecting on the grandeur of the Inca world.
Tips for Visiting Runkurakay
- Prepare for the Altitude: Make sure you’re well acclimatized before starting the Inca Trail, as Runkurakay is located at high elevation.
- Wear Appropriate Clothing: The weather can be cool and windy. Dress in layers and bring a waterproof jacket.
- Rest and Observe: Take time to explore the structures and appreciate the surrounding scenery. This is an ideal spot to recharge before continuing the trek.
- Follow the Rules: Runkurakay is a protected archaeological site. Avoid touching the structures and respect local regulations.
